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Case Report
Two true umbilical knots with good fetal outcome: A case report
1 Senior Registrar, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ESUT Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria
2 Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist, ESUT Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria
3 Fellow WACS, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ESUT Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria
4 Registrar, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ESUT Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria
5 Registrar, Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria
Address correspondence to:
Malachy Nwaeze Ezenwaeze
Enugu, Enugu State,
Nigeria
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Article ID: 100113Z08ME2022
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How to cite this article
Ezenwaeze MN, Nweze SO, Odugu BU, Ofor I, Chukwubuike ON, Ezenwaeze CN. Two true umbilical knots with good fetal outcome: A case report. J Case Rep Images Obstet Gynecol 2022;8:100113Z08ME2022.ABSTRACT
True knot of the umbilical cord is a rare occurrence with 4–10 fold increased risk of stillbirth. Infants with umbilical cord true knots often suffer extents of hypoxia in their prenatal course, which may cause fetal distress or even intrauterine death. We report a rare case of two true knots of the umbilical cord that was observed in a very stable male fetus following caesarean delivery for breech presentation. Even though prenatal diagnosis of a true umbilical cord knot could be difficult, we recommend high index of suspicion, routine Doppler study of the umbilical cord especially in patients at risk of true knot formation and adequate intrapartum monitoring to ensue good pregnancy outcome.
Keywords: Caesarean delivery, Good fetal outcome, True knots, Umbilical cord
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Acknowledgments
The authors wish to appreciate other doctors who played some roles in writing up this manuscript.
Author ContributionsMalachy Nwaeze Ezenwaeze - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Sylvester Onuegbunam Nweze - Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Boniface Uwaezuoke Odugu - Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Ifeanyi Ofor - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Obumneme Nkemakonam Chukwubuike - Drafting the article, Final approval of the version to be published
Chibugo Ndidiamaka Ezenwaeze - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Drafting the article, Final approval of the version to be published
Guaranter of SubmissionThe corresponding author is the guarantor of submission.
Source of SupportNone
Consent StatementWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this article.
Data AvailabilityAll relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Conflict of InterestAuthors declare no conflict of interest.
Copyright© 2022 Malachy Nwaeze Ezenwaeze et al. This article is distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author(s) and original publisher are properly credited. Please see the copyright policy on the journal website for more information.
